ارزیابی پویا (Dynamic Assessment)
Dynamic Assessment (DA) re-conceptualizes classroom interactions by arguing that teaching and assessment should not be distinct undertakings but must be integrated as a single activity that seeks to understand learner abilities by actively supporting their ongoing development. DA is based in the Vygotskian notion of the Zone of Proximal Development (ZPD) which captures the uniquely human potential to exceed our present capabilities by working in cooperation with others whose dialogic interaction mediates us to higher levels of functioning. DA offers a framework for co-constructing a ZPD with learners in order to simultaneously reveal the full range of their abilities and promote development.
This book presents the first in-depth analysis of DA’s application to particular problems of L2 development. It includes detailed discussions of the core theoretical tenets as well as guidelines for implementing DA principles in L2 classrooms. The book will be of interest to language teacher educators, language testers, classroom practitioners, and students and researchers in the areas of SLA, language pedagogy, and assessment.
فراتر از آزمون (Beyond Testing Towards a Theory)
Assessment has been developing at a rapid rate during the 1990s, and issues surrounding this development have been examined and re-thought by various key researchers. Examination of the technical issues of the effect of assessment on curriculum and teaching, and the relationship with learning criterion and teacher and performance assessment is provided in this book. By drawing together analyses, it offers a framework for educational assessment
Practicality of Test
در فایل فوق به مبحث Practicality پرداخته شده است و از 4 منبع گوناگون که شامل کتاب های زیر می شود استفاده شده است:
[FulcherDavidso] LanguageTestingandAssessment
[ChristineCoombeandNancyHubley]CreatingEffectiveClassroomTests
www.cambridgeenglish.org
[H.DouglasBrown]LanguageAssessmentPrinciple
این فایل برای دانشجویان گرایش های مختلف رشته زبان انگلیسی کاربردی است.
It refers to the economy of time, effort and money in testing. In other words, a test should be easy to design, easy to administer, easy to mark, and easy to interpret the results (Bachman and Palmer, 1996). Moreover, according to Brown (2004) said that the test that is practical it needs to be within the means of financial limitations, appropriate time constraints, easy to administrator, score, and interpret.